When most people get bitten by a mosquito, it’s little more than a nuisance. However, for some people it’s much more serious than a tiny little bump. In rare cases, an allergic reaction can be so severe that mosquito bites can cause shortness of breath and other serious symptoms.
A Typical Reaction
Female mosquitoes are the ones doing the biting. They need blood to survive and reproduce. Their saliva is filled with anticoagulants. These proteins and enzymes fight our body’s natural defenses against blood loss, clotting, and growing a scab. The anticoagulants in the saliva is what causes an itchy bump to form after a bite.
The bites themselves usually clear up after a few days. It’s tough not to scratch, but touching the bite will only add to the irritation. While the small itchy bump is considered an “allergic” reaction, the symptoms can be much more serious in some people.
An Allergic Reaction
What is a small itchy bite for some can turn disastrous for others. Some people can form blistering lesions, large hives, fever, and joint swelling from mosquito bites. People who are severely allergic to mosquito bites can even go into anaphylaxis. Anaphylaxis is a reaction that includes throat swelling, dizziness and wheezing.
Be on the lookout for:
- Swelling around the bites
- Small blisters instead of hard bumps
- Dark spots that look like bruises
In people with immune system disorders be aware of:
- A large area of swelling
- Fever
- Hives
- Swollen lymph nodes
- Headache
If a mosquito bite causes anything more than a mild bump, you should let your doctor know. If the reactions aren’t too serious try:
- Ice to reduce swelling
- Apply topical over-the-counter treatments
- Clean blisters with soap and water (do not break them)
- Watch out for any signs of infection
If the itching becomes unbearable, your doctor may prescribe steroids or antihistamines. There is also a risk of a secondary infection if your mosquito bite is scratched to the point of opening a wound.
Prevention
The best way to protect yourself from mosquitos, especially if you are allegeric, is prevention.
Treat Your Yard: Have your yard professionally treated. This is a must for people who are allergic to mosquito bites and want to enjoy some time outdoors. There are people and pet safe methods that can prevent mosquitoes from taking over your outdoor areas. Also dump all standing water on your property, mosquitoes need water to breed. Even something as small as a puddle or dog dish can be a haven for mosquitoes.
Stay Indoors at Dusk and Dawn: Mosquitoes are more active at dusk and dawn. Try to plan your activities around those times of day until your yard can be properly treated.
Cover Up and Wear Insect Repellent: Wear light colored clothes that protect your arms and legs. Spray your clothes and skin with insect repellent containing DEET. If you are allergic to DEET, there are alternatives.